I am focused in the physical processes driving long term changes in the upwelling, the physical processes driving the poleward flow associated to eastern boundaries, and the long-term variability of the subtropical ocean.
Daily sea surface temperature anomaly (°C) in the global ocean relative to the 1982-1992 reference period, from the NOAA Optimum Interpolation Sea Surface Temperature (OISST) analysis. Red shades indicate waters warmer than the reference mean, and blue shades colder waters.
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Temperature trend (°C/century) averaged over the upper 2000 dbar of the ocean from January 2004 to the present, computed from the Roemmich-Gilson Argo Climatology (Scripps Institution of Oceanography). Positive values (red) indicate warming.
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Daily sea surface temperature anomaly (°C) in the Canary Islands marine demarcation relative to the 2003-2012 reference period, from the high-resolution MUR (Multi-scale Ultra-high Resolution SST, NASA/JPL) analysis. Red shades indicate waters warmer than the reference mean.
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Seasonal cycle of standardized transport (Sv) of the Atlantic meridional overturning circulation (AMOC) obtained from the RAPID-MOCHA array, compared with the volume transport across the Lanzarote passage (LP) estimated using PIES A-B.
(a) Trajectories of the two 3-headed floats (NAOS in cyan and EA-RISE in black) and of the two 2-headed floats (FR001 in blue and FR002 in red). The position of station 25 from the Raprocan cruises is also displayed (yellow triangle). (b) Vertical profiles of temperature (red line) and salinity (blue line) for STAT25 of the RAPROCAN2203 cruise. The black and gray lines are the temperature and salinity profiles as measured by the RBRargo|deep6k CTD on the two-headed FR001 float, respectively.
EBUS SST trends (°C per decade) against non-EBUS area trends for each region. The EBUS annual series (continuous line) and trend (dotted line) are shown in blue; the same is true for the non-EBUS annual series but in red. On the opposite side of the y axis is αUI with its corresponding EBUS.
The Argo Online School (AoS) is a collection of videos, animations and hands-on Python-driven Jupyter notebooks designed to make the data accessible from more than 4,000 profiling floats that constitute the Argo program. The Argo program samples, in near real-time, the upper 2,000 meters of the ocean using a fleet of floats that drift with the ocean currents.
The Argo Online School: An e-learning tool to get started with Argo
Encounters between Argo floats and sailing-pleasure ships (circles) and fishing ships (triangles) worldwide together in 2019 and 2020. The L4 processing level dataset has been used to generate this panel. Despite the fact that fishing vessels have a better global distribution (3612 encounters), the highest numbers of encounters occurred between Argo floats and sailing-pleasure ships (6814 encounters), especially in the Mediterranean Sea.
Schematic diagram of the mass transport during the fall and spring in the Canary Basins for (a) the Surface Waters and NACW and (b) the intermediate waters. For reference, the main topographic and geographical features referred to in the text are indicated.
Composite of (a) spring and (b) fall MADT and geostrophic velocity in the Canary basin. The period for fall and spring has been selected to be representative of the flow.
Selected Argo floats trajectories. The different coloured arrows represent individual selected trajectories, while grey arrows represent the trajectories of all Argo floats in the area. The parking depth of the floats was 1000dbar
(a) Sea surface trends (°C decade-1) computed from NOAA high-resolution (1/4°) blended analysis of Daily SST for the 1982–2013 period. (b) as (a) but for the summer (June, July and August, JJA) months, (c) as (a) but for the winter (January, February and March, JFM). The dashed grey line denote the three upwelling areas: the weak annual upwelling zone (26°N-35°N), the permanent annual upwelling zone (21°N-26°N) and the Mauritania-Senegalese upwelling zone (12°N -20°N). The thin solid grey lines correspond to the isotherms (18°C, 20°C, 22°C, 24°C and 26°C) of the mean field for each season.
Drifter tracks classified by intrusion type (see main text for definitions). (a) Large intrusions (dark gray) and large intrusions that end up on the ECS shelf (gray). (b) Small intrusions (dark gray) and small intrusions that end up on the ECS shelf (gray). (c) Trajectories of drifters trapped or recirculating northeast of Taiwan (the tracks of the drifters deployed in the SCS are plotted in gray). For each type one drifter track has been marked in black. (d) Tracks of the remaining drifters not included in a, b or c. Drifters deployed on the ECS shelf are not included in this diagram. The tracks of drifters crossing the ETC within the Kuroshio up to the Tokara Strait are marked in black and the other tracks are plotted in gray. In the four panels, the light gray lines mark the 200-m isobaths and the axis of the Mien Hwa (MHC) and North Mien Hwa (NMHC) canyons are indicated with a dashed light gray line
Vertical zonal sections, on pressure surfaces, of potential temperature differences at 24.5N in the Atlantic Ocean between the oceanographic sections carried out during (a) 1998-1957 (i.e., between 1957 and 1998), (b) 2004-1957, (c) 2004-1998, (d) 2006 (Argo)-1957, and (e) 2006 (Argo)-1998. The gray lines at 23W and 70W bound the longitude range where the Atlantic was effectively sampled at 24.5N during the five occupations. Positive values indicate warming. This convention has been used throughout the text, subtracting the older temperature section from the most recent one when computations refer to time periods. The same color scale has been used for the five panels
Drifter tracks in the ZMES (Zona Maritima Especial Sensibilidad) of the Canary Islands
Probabilistic analysis of the oil spill areas based on the Drifter tracks in the ZMES (Zona Maritima Especial Sensibilidad).
